These symbols are used in computer programming.
Thursday, April 16, 2015
Thursday, April 9, 2015
Computer Architecture
Some things in a computer are input devices and some are output device, and some can be both.
Some examples of input devices are cameras, trackpads, microphones, a mouse, and keyboards. These are things that you put some sort of input into.
Some examples of output devices are the screen, printers, projectors, and speakers. These things give something out based on your input.
Some examples of devices that can both input and output are touch screens, USBs, fax, and headsets.
In the middle, there is the process, which turns the input into an output. It is also called the central unit. In one part of it, there is the CPU, or Central Processing Unit. In the CPU, there are: The Control unit, which controls in what order the components of your program should be followed; and the ALU or Arithmetic Logic Unit, which performs arithmetic operations and evaluates logical expressions. There is also the RAM or Random Access Memory, which is a volatile memory that only contains what the user is using at the moment. It gets whatever you are using from the hard drive. This memory will be wiped clean. Inside the RAM are whatever programs you are using and whatever data you need.
Some examples of input devices are cameras, trackpads, microphones, a mouse, and keyboards. These are things that you put some sort of input into.
Some examples of output devices are the screen, printers, projectors, and speakers. These things give something out based on your input.
Some examples of devices that can both input and output are touch screens, USBs, fax, and headsets.
In the middle, there is the process, which turns the input into an output. It is also called the central unit. In one part of it, there is the CPU, or Central Processing Unit. In the CPU, there are: The Control unit, which controls in what order the components of your program should be followed; and the ALU or Arithmetic Logic Unit, which performs arithmetic operations and evaluates logical expressions. There is also the RAM or Random Access Memory, which is a volatile memory that only contains what the user is using at the moment. It gets whatever you are using from the hard drive. This memory will be wiped clean. Inside the RAM are whatever programs you are using and whatever data you need.
Fundamentals of Computers
Pushing the power button starts up your computer. The symbol on the power button is a combination of a 0 (for off) and a 1 (for on). There are two states on a computer - on or off, represented by a 1 and a 0, respectively. From this, the binary system was made. For example, if you want to type the letter 'A,' there is an 8-character binary code of zeroes and ones. Each 0 or 1 is called a bit, and one of those 8-bit sequences is called a byte, which is a unit of memory. All the keys on the keyboard are represented by bytes.
A computer can understand the high level language we are inputting. The compiler and interpreter are 2 programs that convert everything we type into binary. The compiler takes the entire program and checks it for errors. Then, the compiler converts it to machine language all at once. The interpreter checks what we type line by line, so if there is an error in one of our lines, it will show up immediately. The high level language that we type is called the "source code." The compiler or interpreter converts it to code that the computer can understand, or object code/binary code.
A computer can understand the high level language we are inputting. The compiler and interpreter are 2 programs that convert everything we type into binary. The compiler takes the entire program and checks it for errors. Then, the compiler converts it to machine language all at once. The interpreter checks what we type line by line, so if there is an error in one of our lines, it will show up immediately. The high level language that we type is called the "source code." The compiler or interpreter converts it to code that the computer can understand, or object code/binary code.
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